Building structure



May 11, 1937. w. RAY

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed July 20, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR. Loyp m217/ ATTORNEYS May 11, 193.7. 'w. RAY

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed. July 20, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. V L0Y0 11/ PI) 3% @4722, M v- Patented May 11, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE BUILDING STRUCTURE Loyd W. Ray, Wichita, Kans., assignor to TheWhite Castle System of Eating Houses Corpo- Claims.

This invention relates to building structures and has special referenceto metallic building structures characterized by a facility and rapidityof erection and dismantling, the construc- 5 tion being of the sectionalpanel type and the various parts thereof being standardized andinterchangeable.

More particularly, this invention has reference to a building structurecomprising a metallic frame including vertical members having webs withflanges at the edges thereof to provide wall clamp receiving portionsfor receiving outer wall panels and to provide channels for receivingnailing strips for receiving inside wall panels, the nailing stripsbeing thicker than the depth of the channels to prevent direct contactof said inside Wall panels and said support. Further, the presentinvention contemplates the provision of longitudinally elongated slotsex- 20 tending the width of the vertical members to provide boltreceiving slots to accommodate adjustments, expansion and contractionand settling, if any, of the elements of the construction and tofacilitate manufacturing, assembly and 2 disassembly thereof.

It has been further desirable in metal building structures to providemeans for fastening the outside wall panels and the inside wall panelsso that the structure may be fabricated at a central plant and can beconveniently set up whenever desired without the necessity of cuttingand fitting at the place of installation. The present inventioncontemplates the above provision as well as the provision of meanswhereby the building can be dismantled and reassembled whenever desired.For example, in very valuable property where buildings have been torndown it has been found desirable to utilize the space pending thebuilding of a per- 40 manent structure as parking lots for automobilesand for like purposes. Permanent buildings cannot be installed for theconvenience of attendants at these parking areas and it is desirable toinstall a building of more or less permanent character, yet which may bedismantled when desired and moved to a new location.

Further, it is necessary and desirable at times in the instance wherethe building structure of this invention is used as a permanentstructure to remove outside wall sections for inspection or repair or tosubstitute new sections. The present invention contemplates theprovision of means whereby the outside wall panels or sections can beremoved and new ones substituted without materially disturbing the innerwall structure.

The construction herein described has the advantage of permanence incharacter, yet has likewise the advantages flowing from structures ofthe knock-down type. Since the buildings may be of permanent characterand used throughout the year under all weather conditions, it is furtherdesirable because of the elements being formed of metal to break thefrost line which in the usual type of construction appears on the innerwall panels. A nailing strip is provided in the channel formed by theflanges of one end of the webs, the nailing strip being preferably ofwood or plastic or fibrous materials for securing the panels nailedthereto and being thicker than the depth of the channels to preventdirect contact of the inside wall panels and the upright supports. Theoutside wall panel and the intermediate vertical metallic wall supporttherefor does not contact with the inside wall panel excepting throughthe wooden nailing strip and in such a construction the frost line isbroken thereat.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a building structureof the type indicated above in which the frost line from the outer wallpanels is broken and therefore is not conducted to the inner wallpanels.

Another object of this invention is to provide a studding for buildingsof the character noted above in which registering offset elongatedportions extending the Width of the webs of the studding cooperate toprovide bolt receiving slots to accommodate expansion and contraction ofthe elements of the building and to facilitate assembly and disassemblythereof.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a. buildingstructure as hereinbefore described in which the wall clamp may beremoved by releasing the nut from the bolt securing the inner and outerwall panels together to permit the wall clamp for the outer wall to bedetached without disturbing the inner panels of the build- Other objectsand advantages will hereinafter be more particularly pointed out and fora more complete understanding of the characteristic features of thisinvention, reference may now be had to the following description whentaken together with the accompanying drawings, in which latter:

Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view partially in section of aconstruction embodying the feature of this. invention, a portion of thestructure being detached;

Fig. 2 is a plan sectional view of the construction shown in Figure 1with the portions in an assembled relation;

Fig. 3 is a Vertical sectional view taken on the line 33 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary front elevational View of the assembledconstruction of Fig. 1 as embodied in this invention;

Fig. 5 is a plan sectional view similar to Fig. 2 of a modified form ofthis invention; and

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 66 of Fig. 2.

Referring now to the drawings and more particularly to Figs. 1 to 4 and6, inclusive, thereof, the device of this invention is shown ascomprising an anchor or nailing strip 1 preferably formed of wood orsome composition or fibrous material to which may be nailed or otherwisesecured inside wall panels 2. The wall panels 2 are preferably of metalor tile and may be provided in the form of sheets of standardized sizeand shape. The same is true of the outside panels 3 which may likewisebe formed in sheets of various sizes and configurations, althoughstandardized as to form so that they may be interchangeable tofacilitate erection and dismantling.

The inside and outside panels 2 and 3 are secured to studding disposedtherebetween, the studding being formed by two channel-shaped members,the intermediate web portions 4 and 5 of which may be preferably securedtogether by spot welding or other suitable means. The two web portionsare bent outwardly at their outer edges as indicated at 6 and 'l toprovide flanges, the flanges having right-angularly projecting lips 8and 9 to embrace the anchor or nailing strip l in the recess or channelIt! formed by the lips. The thickness of the nailing strip l ispreferably greater than the depth of the channel H] in order that theremay be space between the projecting lips 8 and 9 and the inside panels 2so that the frost line from the outside panel and the intermediatemetallic studding may terminate at the nailing strip.

The anchor strip is held in the channel by any suitable means and theside wall panels 2 may be fastened thereto as likewise may an inner wallfinishing strip II by any suitable fastening de-- vices such as screwsor nails. The inside wall panels 2 are preferably separated asubstantial distance and the finishing strip overlaps the edges of thewall panels.

The outer edges of the webs 4 and 5 are bent outwardly as at I2 and I3and then forwardly as at M and i5 and again outwardly as indicated at I6and IT. Z-shaped angle strips I8 and '19 of the usual commercial formare fastened preferably to the flanges l6 and I7. Flanges and 2| of themembers l8 and I9 project outwardly and are preferably in alignment withthe webs l4 and I5 and the flanges 22 and 23 project rearwardly.

A space 24 is formed by the outer portion of the studding and theZ-angle strips for receiving a clamping strip constituting an elongatedsheet 25 bent in substantial U-shape in cross-section to have outwardlyprojecting flanges 26 and 21 with rearwardly extending webs 28 and 29terminating in inturned lips 30 and 3| extending substantially parallelwith the flanges 26 and 21. The clamping strip carries a finishing strip34, the latter having ends and 36 or overlapping the edges of theclamping strip as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 so that the ends may clamp theparts 32 and 33 of the outside panels 3 against the Z-angle strips.

It will be noted that the clamping strips are located between thevertical edges of the panels 3 so that the strips extend the height ofthe wall to permit a tight joint to be made between the edges of theouter panels.

The webs 4 and 5 are provided preferably with offset portions 31 and 38which register with each other to provide a relatively wide elongatedslot between the web portions. The slot thus provided receives anelongated bolt 39, the head of which rests against the wall ll of theU-shaped member 25 and the threaded end 42 of which passes through awasher 33 which latter bears against the edge of the web. The threadedend receives a nut 44 in an elongated recess 35 of the nailing strip I.Any number of slots or channels may be formed in the studding and acorresponding number of bolts may be used to draw the clamping stripinto clamping position before the finishing strip l I is secured inplace.

It is desirable to have the slot in the web relatively wide, that is,longitudinally of the vertically extending studding to provide formanufacturing ease, speed and cheapness, and facilitating erection. Bythis means exactness of manufacture in the spacing or length of theoffset portions which register to form the bolt slots is not required,nor their exact registration in ill assembling the two halves to formthe complete studding. It is not necessary exactly to space the boltholes in the anchor strips when such elongated slots are provided in thestudding, and the bolts may be placed in position in such strips in theplan ready for use on the erection job. All of this materially reducesthe cost of manufacture and speeds up production. In erecting thebuilding it is often necessary to set the anchor strips on top of aporcelain base panel and/or end the same against a coping panel, and if,as frequently happens, there is some inaccuracy in the edge of eitherthe base panel or the coping, the anchor strip must be adjustedlongitudinally to take care of these inaccuracies. The elongated holesreadily permit this to be done. The slots also provide for suchexpansion, contraction and settling as may occur so that the bolt may beeasily inserted and so that the assembly and disassembly of the buildingmay be facilitated.

When the parts are assembled as described and as illlustrated in Fig. 2and it is desired to remove an outside panel or panels, it is onlynecessary to remove the finishing strip ll, unscrew the nut 44, take outthe clamping strip and remove the outer panel or panels. Thisfacilitates the inspection and repair of the outside wall as well asassists in the ease and operation of disassembling the building after ithas been once set up.

Referring now more particularly to Fig. 5, a modified form of thisinvention is shown in which the outside wall sections 46 and 41 havechannelshaped ends 48 and 49, which latter are clamped against the edgeof the Z-shaped members l8 and I9 by a slightly modified form of anchorstrip. In this form the anchor strip 50 is provided with right angularflanges 5i and 52 corresponding with the flanges 26 and 2'! in Fig. 1,but the edges are not turned back. The outside finishing strip 53 hasits edges 54 and 55 bent around the flanges 5| and 52 as indicated, sothat when the parts are assembled the finishing strip 53 is offsetslightly from the outer wall of the building to provide a vertical bead.In other respects the construction in Fig. 5 conforms to theconstruction shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

While but two forms of this invention are herein shown and described, itis to be understood that various modifications thereof may be apparentto those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scopeof this invention and, therefore, the same are only to be limited by wthe scope of the prior art and the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A studding for buildings comprising vertical members including webswith flanges at the edges thereof, said webs being secured together andsaid flanges cooperating to provide nailing strip engaging portions andwall clamp receiving portions, and registering ofiset portions extendingthe width of said webs and cooperating to provide bolt receiving slots,said offset portions being of substantially greater depth longitudinallyof the channel than the width to facilitate manufacture, assembly anderection.

2. A building structure comprising a frame including an intermediateportion having a transverse opening therethrough, a recessed nailingstrip on the inner edge of said intermediate portion for supportinginner wall panels, a wall clamp engaging means on the outer edge of saidintermediate portion for supporting outer wall panels, a bolt in saidopening securing said wall clamp engaging means and extending beyond theend of said opening into said nailing strip, and a nut for the nailingstrip end of said bolt receivable in one of said recesses of saidnailing strip the adjacent side edge portions of the inner wall panelsbeing laterally spaced from the nut, whereby said wall clamp may beremoved'by releasing said nut from said bolt to permit said wall clampto be detached without disturbing the inner panels of said building.

3. A metallic building structure comprising studding including webs withflanges at the edges thereof co-operating to provide nailing stripengaging portions and wall panel clamping or anchor strip receivingportions, clamping or anchor strips in the latter, clamping boltslongitudinally spaced throughout the clamping or anchor strips andpassing through longitudinal slots in the studding members and from edgeto edge of the webs of said members to secure said strips in clamping oranchoring positions, said slots providing for longitudinal adjustmentsof said clamping or anchor strips.

4. A building structure comprising a frame including intermediateportions having transverse openings therethrough, recessed nailingstrips on the inner edges of said intermediate portions for supportinginner wall panels, wall clamp engaging means on the outer edges of saidintermediate portions for supporting outer wall panels, bolts in saidopenings securing said wall clamp engaging means and extending beyondthe ends of said openings into said nailing strips, and nuts for thenailing strip ends of said bolts receivable in the said recesses of saidnailing strips and accessible through the said inner wall panels,whereby said wall clamps may be removed by releasing said nuts from saidbolts to permit said wall clamps to be released without disturbing theinner panels of said building.

5. A building structure comprising inner and outer wall panels, ametallic stud between said inner and outer panels, means for clampingthe outer panels to said stud, a non-metallic mem her for supporting theinner panels spaced from said metallic stud, and means accessiblebetween the adjacent edges of said inner panels to operate said clampingmeans.

LOYD W. RAY.

